Which fetal condition is most commonly associated with placental insufficiency?

Which fetal condition is most commonly associated with placental insufficiency?

• A. Macrosomia
• B. Post-term pregnancy
• C. Intrauterine growth restriction
• D. Polyhydramnios

Answer: (C)

Placental insufficiency means the placenta isn’t delivering enough oxygen and nutrients to the fetus over time. When this happens, fetal growth slows and the fetus often falls below its expected size for gestational age—this is intrauterine growth restriction. The condition reflects a chronic problem with placental perfusion rather than an overgrowth or an amniotic-fluid excess. Macrosomia describes a large fetus, often linked to maternal diabetes or obesity, not placental underperfusion. A post-term pregnancy merely indicates a longer-than-normal gestation and isn’t a direct consequence of placental insufficiency. Polyhydramnios is excess amniotic fluid and has different causes (such as maternal diabetes with polyuria, fetal Anomalies, or chromosomal issues) and isn’t the typical fetal outcome of placental underperfusion.

Placental insufficiency means the placenta isn’t delivering enough oxygen and nutrients to the fetus over time. When this happens, fetal growth slows and the fetus often falls below its expected size for gestational age—this is intrauterine growth restriction. The condition reflects a chronic problem with placental perfusion rather than an overgrowth or an amniotic-fluid excess.

Macrosomia describes a large fetus, often linked to maternal diabetes or obesity, not placental underperfusion. A post-term pregnancy merely indicates a longer-than-normal gestation and isn’t a direct consequence of placental insufficiency. Polyhydramnios is excess amniotic fluid and has different causes (such as maternal diabetes with polyuria, fetal Anomalies, or chromosomal issues) and isn’t the typical fetal outcome of placental underperfusion.